Обґрунтування напрямів модернізації систем зрошення в Україні на основі оцінки їх енергоефективності

Abstract

Goal. To assess the energy efficiency of water supply for irrigation, taking into account the technical condition of inter-farm engineering infrastructure and to determine the main directions of its modernization. Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of a systematic data analysis of technical and financial reports of the State Water Agency of Ukraine, inventory, technical, energy and financial and economic audit. Results. The results of the analysis of the current state are presented, the main problems and directions for the development of irrigation in Ukraine are established, a comprehensive analysis of the technical condition and potential for the use of reclamation infrastructure, in particular, the inter-farm engineering infrastructure of irrigation networks, is carried out using the example of the Lower Dniester Irrigation System (LDIS). It was established that the equipment of the LDIS pumping stations has long been amortized and is in a very poor technical condition, water losses during transportation are 32–35% of the primary water intake, the engineering infrastructure has practically exhausted its resource and does not meet the required level in terms of technical condition and parameters. The average specific costs of electricity for water pumping were determined, it was established that the operation of outdated equipment is carried out in conditions of a severe deficit of budgetary funding, there are practically no financial opportunities for current and capital repairs of equipment and structures. Based on the results of the technical and economic analysis and the energy audit, the total need for investments for the project of modernization and reconstruction of the NDSS was calculated. Conclusions. The current state of irrigation in Ukraine does not meet today's requirements either in terms of the amount of use of the available potential or in terms of the energy efficiency of the irrigation water supply process. Further effective use of the existing irrigation potential is possible only if investment projects for the modernization of irrigation systems are developed and implemented. The implementation of such projects will increase the energy efficiency of the water supply process by at least 30% and ensure the expansion of irrigation areas to the level at which the costs of operating irrigation systems can be covered by fees for supplying water for irrigation and other needs.