АНАЛИЗ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОКАЗАНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ДЕТЯМ, ПРОЖИВАЮЩИМ В СЕЛЬСКОЙ МЕСТНОСТИ ОРЕНБУРГСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Abstract

In order to understand how the situation in rural health care is changing as a result of the processes taking place within the framework of the Healthcare project, it is necessary to periodically analyze the situation in the provision of medical care to residents of rural areas. The purpose of the study: to assess the organization of medical care for children living in rural areas of the Orenburg region. Materials and methods. An assessment of the organization of medical care for children in rural areas in the Orenburg region was carried out for the period 2016–2020. A retrospective study was conducted using the methods of statistical and epidemiological analysis. Data provided by the state budgetary healthcare institution of the Orenburg region "Medical Information and Analytical Center" (MIAC). Results. A decrease in the population of the Orenburg region in rural areas, a decrease in the number of outpatient clinics, medical outpatient clinics and FAPs have been established. There was an increase in the capacity of polyclinics by 5.8% (from 196.8 to 213.9); decrease in the indicator of provision with pediatric and infectious beds (44.0%; 9.5%); the provision of pediatricians (per 10,000 population) decreased by 11.6% (2016 - 18.1; 2020 - 16.0). The incidence of children (0-14 years old), adolescents (15-17 years old) decreased respectively by 17.6% (in cities - by 14.5%, in districts - by 15.9%) and 20.2% (in cities - by 10.7%, in districts - by 30.9%). Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) decreased by 50% (from 6.5‰ in 2016 to 3.7‰ in 2020). In rural areas, infant mortality was on average 40% higher than in urban areas. Conclusions. Structural changes in rural healthcare are associated with a reduction in the rural population and optimization of healthcare. A positive trend in morbidity was revealed, a decrease in the mortality of children and adolescents in rural areas, but there is an increase in the incidence of certain classes of diseases, there are differences in the mortality rates of children and adolescents in rural areas from the urban population.