Революция и державная традиция в раннем творчестве А.С. Пушкина (ода «Вольность»)

Abstract

The paper explores the “Ode to Liberty” (1817) as the focus for the state problems in the early Pushkin’s works. In the process of analysis, it is comprehensively substantiated that the extraordinary stability and inclusiveness of Pushkin's ode is in the supra-obstinacy of its moral ideal, which surpasses the political realities of our time. As early as at the onset of the poet’s creativity, the Russian Orthodox Empire is considered the most important source of Pushkin’s ideal views, which he himself opposes only at first sight. It is concluded that Pushkin’s view of the problem of freedom and tyranny, his understanding of universal historical processes belong not to the rebel consciousness, but are related to purely Russian enlightenment, which became especially obvious to the contemporaries of the 1812 war. Pushkin’s creative inspiration is largely imperial and does not expect any other favourable conditions for itself, but comes true in the inevitably dramatic Russian world of the New Age.
 In the course of the project, the author obtained insights into one of the key issues of humanitarian knowledge in Russia: determined the unbiased place of Pushkin in the state life of the country, studied the diverse directions of the national ideal of the homeland service in the fate and work of the greatest Russian poet, historiographer and political thinker. The research reflects the dialectical complexity of paths of discovery and perfect expression of Pushkin’s spiritual nature, the mystical foundations of the age-old Russian statehood across all areas of his creative nature.