СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЕ ПЕРЕКАТЫВАНИЮ КОЛЕС УБОРОЧНОЙ ТЕЛЕЖКИ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ИХ ТИПОРАЗМЕРА И АГРОФОНА

Abstract

The use of a special garden cart to move the picker during manual harvesting of strawberries significantly increases labor productivity. At the same time, the choice of the size of its wheels, as a rule, is not associated with the bearing capacity of the soil between rows and rolling resistance. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between the parameters of the agrophone, the size of the wheels and the resistance to rolling of the trolley. Wheels with a diameter of 300, 400, 500 and 700 mm have been tested. The area of the contact patch on a hard surface at a tire pressure of 160 kPa was taken as a complex characteristic of the wheel. The tests were carried out on four types of agrophone typical for strawberry plantations. The cart was rolled over tinned aisles, aisles covered with straw, over black steam three weeks after processing and compacted with the collectors' feet at the end of the harvesting season. The criterion for assessing the bearing capacity of the soil in the aisles was its hardness at a depth of 20 mm. During the tests, the cart was loaded with ballast weighing 72 kg, simulating the weight of the collector. The force was recorded with an electronic dynamometer DEXP BM-10 (China), with a measurement limit of 500N and a measurement error of 0.5N. The test results were processed in Excel and STATISTICA 10. The regression equations connecting the main process parameters were obtained. It was found that the effect of soil hardness on the final result is 2.7 times higher than the effect of the wheel parameters. At the same time, mulching the row spacing with straw increases the rolling resistance of the wheels by 4.3 - 11.8%, depending on their diameter. Moreover, the difference increases with the growth of the specified parameter.