ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ НЕЗАКОННОГО ВИДОБУВАННЯ БУРШТИНУ НА СТАН ДОВКІЛЛЯ РІВНЕНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Abstract

Research rationale. The current state of the natural environment in the northwestern part of Ukrainian Polissia is characterized by a huge-scale changes in cultivated lands. The reasons for the disturbance of the structure of natural landscapes are the unauthorized extraction of gemstones, in particular, amber. Problem statement. For Ukraine, this issue has become particularly acute as the environmental consequences of illegal mining are quite disastrous as far as the disturbed biotopes cannot be restored to their original state in a natural way without human intervention, thus they need to be recultivated. Analysis of recent studies and publications. The researches that cover the agenda include the issues of monitoring and determination of locations of lands disturbed due to illegal amber mining as well as the use and classification of lands disturbed as a result of mining industry’s activities. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The introduction of an economic and legal mechanism for compensating by the violator for damage caused by illegal amber mining and the failure to carry out land reclamation after the completion of mining operations will ensure more effective protection of the interests of the state and territorial communities as well as the rights of owners and exploiters of land plots, and will have a positive impact on reducing breaches of law in the area of land utilization. Objective of the research. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact on the environmental condition of the Rivne oblast as well as economic assessment of the extent of damage caused by illegal gemstones mining. Statement of basic materials. Obvious signs of negative anthropogenic impact related to unauthorized use of subsurface resources have been established, namely: the unauthorized removal of the fertile soil layer, excitation of the entire structure of the soil cover, hydrological regime, geological structure of the subsoil area, destroyed vegetation. At the same time, disturbance of land, both for forest and agricultural purposes of various forms of ownership. Following the researches, the extent of damage and compensation to the state resulting from the illegal mining of gemstones was determined. Conclusions under the article. On the territory of the Ukrainian Polissa the technogenic sand massifs and badlands are being intensively formed, which area is constantly increasing. The spread of such formations on the lands of forestry and agricultural purposes creates a threatening ecological and economic situation throughout the region.