Влияние трехукосного использования на продуктивность, питательность и ботанический состав бобово-злаковых агрофитоценозов

Abstract

The article presents the results of research on the influence of agrotechnical techniques on the formation of legume-cereal agrophytocenoses. The research method includes conducting a field experiment on the experimental field of North-West Research Institute of Milk and Grassland Agriculture in the Vologda region. The soil of the experimental site is drained, medium cultivated, sod-podzolic, medium loam. The following varieties have been chosen for carrying out the experiment: Permskiy mestnyy red clover, Dymkovskiy red clover, Vega 87 variegated alfalfa, Sverdlovskaya 37 meadow fescue, Losinka reed fes-cue, Leningradskaya 204 timothy, SibNIISKHOZ 189 awnless brome, VIK 66 pasture ryegrass. As a re-sult of research in 2017–2019, it was found that the share of sown grass species was high regardless of the species composition and method of sowing and ranged from 82.9 to 98.5%. The content of weed vegeta-tion was 1.4–2.0 times higher in grass stands sown under the cover of barley compared to those sown without cover. The yield of grasses was affected by the composition of agrophytocenoses and the number of bites. On average, for two years of use, a grass mixture of the third option was distinguished, including red clover, timothy and reed fescue. It significantly exceeded the yield of the control variant by 0.39 t/ha of dry matter. The method of sowing did not affect the yield of herbage. When you get three grass mow-ing, protein collection increases by 8–24%, and its content in the plant mass — by 20–32% compared to double mowing. Scope – agricultural enterprises of the European North of the Russian Federation.