Abstract
The urban-heat-island phenomenon and its associated circulation, driven by the energy generated by anthropogenic sources are found to be most intense at nighttime under clear skies and weak ambient wind. A thermal plume is generated by an underlying heat island in the form of an area source. The fundamental characteristics of most concern for a nocturnal heat island are its mixing height, intensity, temperature and turbulent kinetic energy distributions, and heat-island-induced circulation. To model the urban-heat-island structure it is necessary to describe correctly the turbulent penetrative convection in the case of near-calm conditions when the ambient wind speed approaches zero and the turbulent motion at the urban center is dominated by the thermal buoyancy force. In most existent mathematical models the turbulence of an urban-heat-island is parameterized. The principal aim of this investigation is the development of turbulent transport model for the simulation of turbulent urban-heat-island structure and pollutant dispersion in the stably stratified environment. The four-parametric turbulent model describing an evolution of fully turbulent low-aspect-ratio buoyant plume with no initial momentum and dispersion of contaminant from a ground-level source under calm and stable stratified conditions is formulated and evaluated.
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