СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ МОХОВИХ ДЕРНИН НА ТЕХНОГЕННО ЗМІНЕНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЯХ ЧЕРВОНОГРАДСЬКОГО ГІРНИЧОПРОМИСЛОВОГО РАЙОНУ

Abstract

Structural and functional features of the bryophytes of different life forms, depending on the humidification of locality conditions of their growth in technogenically transformed territories of the Chervonohrad mining and industrial area, are established. Significant differences in water absorption and its retention by orthotropic assimilative and orthotropic brown parts of the shoots with rhizoid tomenta in Campylopus introflexus (Нedw.) Вrid. (low dense turf) and Polytrichum piliferum Hedw. (low smooth turf) as well as plagiotropic heterotrophic rhizomes in Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. (high smooth turf) were revealed. In contrast to Campylopus introflexus turf, in which the length and dry matter mass are almost the same in assimilating and brown parts of the shoots, in the Polytrichum piliferum , the green part constitute 20–30 % of the shoots length and 74.0–77.6 % of their total dry mass. It was established that in the ectohydric moss Campylopus introflexus brown part of the shoots with rhizoid tomenta was losing water more slowly than assimilative one regardless of the water regime of the moss’ locality, which caused external conduction along the entire surface of densely foliaceous shoots. In endohydric moss clumps of P olytrich um genus the water balance was provided mainly by apical absorption and water retention by the assimilative part of the shoots; and brown non-foliaceous part of the stem and underground rhizomes mainly prevent the loss of endohydric water and carry out only capillary function – the maintenance of external water between the rhizoids of the shoots of individual moss plants. The apical and basal gradient of carbohydrates assimilation in the Campylopus introflexus shoots contributed to the resistance to water deficiency and the formation of apical reproductive organs, while in the high moss turf of the genus Polytrichum Hedw. more efficient starch storage and the ability to vegetative reproduction became apparent in brown and plagiotropic parts of the shoots.