Abstract
On the basis of summarizing the results of many years experience on environmental study varieties and breeding numbers of spring wheat, we can base models of early maturing, middle maturing and mid-season varieties for the forest-steppe zone of Orenburg region. The identified dependence of grain yield on the productivity elements, morphological and structural features, the assimilation apparatus parameters, biological and physiological characteristics reliably described by the equations of regression. Such kind of varities, as Varyag, D-1847/97, Omskaa 20, Prokhorovka, Samsar, Saratovskaya 42 and Solveig were high adaptive capacities in this area. It is well to combine the best parameters of efficiency elements of main spike in favorable years: Kinelskaya 59, Lyuba, Moskovskaya 35, Orenburgskaya 13, Prokhorovka, Saratovskaya 55 and Enita; in dry years: Logachevka, Saratovskaya 42, Solveig and D-1847/97. The optimal parameters of the assimilation apparatus were observed in the following varities: Volgouralskaya, Varyag, Kinelskaya 59, Logachevka, Lyuba, Prokhorovka, Solveig, Tulaykovskaya 1, steppe Tulaykovskaya and Enita. The use of hybrid models in the selection of breeding material and varieties, selected as parent forms to better address selection on efficiency and sustainability in the forest of the Southern Urals.
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