Исследование масляных фракций нефти месторождения Западный Абшерон с целью их рационального использования

Abstract

The article presents the results of a studying the physical and chemical properties of oil from the Western Absheron field, as well as the quality of oil fractions of this oil for the period 2014-2020. It is shown that in terms of its physicochemical properties, this oil is comparable to the previously studied oils from the fields of the Darwin Kupesi and Pirallahi oil and gas bearing regions. The oil fractions of this oil 350-500°C are distinguished by a low viscosity index and a low pour point. The use of combined processes of hydrocracking and selective purification makes it possible to increase the viscosity index from 0 to ~ 60 units, while using only selective purification – from 24 to 46 units. After adding the appropriate additives, it is possible to obtain motor oils of the 15W/40 type with VI up to 105 units, which correspond to the analogue of “Lukoil-standard” oil. The conditions for obtaining dearomatized oils from the oil fraction of Western Absheron 300-350°C have been developed. For deep dearomatization of the light fraction 300-350°C, a two-stage adsorption purification was carried out to the content of aromatic hydrocarbons ≤3.0%. This fraction can be used as a raw material for the production of white oils, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. At the same time, the ratios of aromatic, naphthenic, paraffinic hydrocarbons (54.4/42.6/0.3) were calculated and the empirical formula C18.9H31.3 was given, which corresponds to foreign counterparts. The disadvantage of these methods is the insufficiently high stepwise yield of the target fractions (up to 50%). In the presence of hydrogenation processes (hydrocracking, hydroisomerization), oil fractions of oil from Western Absheron can serve as raw materials for the production of valuable products – both white and motor oils.