НОВЫЙ ОПЫТ ОТРАБОТКИ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЛУННЫХ МИССИЙ В КРАТКОВРЕМЕННОМ КОСМИЧЕСКОМ ПОЛЕТЕ

Abstract

According to the current scenarios of space exploration missions, the Moon is viewed as a midbase on the way to remote space. The paper presents the results of a pilot study performed in a short-term mission to the ISS. A new experimental experience has been acquired on how to use the preventive effects of LBNP (lower body negative pressure) appropriately for crew training during the acute adaptation to microgravity before landing on the Moon. The paper describes dynamics of the movement control system re-adaptation, verticalization strategy, and progress in dealing with the double challenge on days 1-3 of recovery after a short-term mission. We obtained unique data about rearrangements in the gravity-dependent body systems during short-term missions. Results of the investigations of these systems after return from the mission point to some degradation of the body functional reserves and the need to develop countermeasures. The investigation is among the first steps towards working-out new crew medical operations in the phase of changing the paradigm from the orbital missions to remote space exploration.