ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНО-ОСЕВЫХ ВЕТРОЭНЕРГОУСТАНОВОК ДЛЯ ПРИВОДА ГРЕБНЫХ ВИНТОВ МАЛОМЕРНЫХ СУДОВ

Abstract

The article gives arguments in favor of using decentralized power supply systems operating on wind energy. The positive qualities of all types of vertical-axial wind turbines have been listed. An experimental unit has been developed for the investigation of combined vertical-axial wind turbines (CVAWTs) on the basis of Н-rotors of Darrieus and Savonius. The studies were held in the laboratory of non-conventional energy of the department of energy problems under the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Astrakhan State Technical University in 2018. The experimental unit diagram has been presented for studying CVAWTs. Variants of arrangement of H-rotors of Darrieus and Savonius in CVAWTs on board wind walkers have been presented: a single-storied three-bladed Darrieus H-rotor with two-storied Savonius rotor overhead; a single-storied three-bladed Darrieus H-rotor with single-storied Savonius rotors on the top and bottom of it. The source of the air flow is a powerful industrial fan which reaches average speeds of air flow up to 7.2 m/s. On the experimental unit there have been determined the CVAWT main parameters. The experimental results have shown that with increasing distance from 0.45 m to 3.0 m, the average speed of the air flow decreases from 7.2 m/s to 2.7 m/s, i.e. by 2.7 times, which leads to a change in the air flow strength by 19 times. With increasing the rate of the air flow from 2.7 to 7.2 m/s, i.e. by 2.7 times the rotor power increased from 0.60 to 9.91 W, i.e. by 17 times. For calculating CVAWT power there has been proposed a formula. Calculations proved that at a wind speed of 10 m/s for CVAWT based on the H-rotors of Darrieus and Savonius with a diameter of 5.0 m and 2.0 m, its capacity makes 14.6 kW. The proposed upgraded CVAWT are based on the optimal ratios of the parameters of H-rotors of Darrieus and Savonius with blades with flaps can be used on the propeller drives of small-sized wind-walkers. The use of the combined H-rotors of Darrieus and Savonius saves up to 50% fuel of the backup power plant.