Эффективность применения микроудобрений под хлопчатник в лугово-сероземных почвах Ширванской степи (Азербайджан)

Abstract

The article says that the main increase in the productivity of animal husbandry is to increase the production of feed and improve their quality. This is primarily due to the cultivation in each soil and climate zone of such crops that would provide high-quality and stable yields of forage crops. An alternative to traditional silage crops, such as corn, can be sugar sorghum. This is due to the versatility of its use, drought resistance, heat resistance and high productivity. Sorghum cultivation allows to increase the productivity of arable land and significantly improve the quality of feed in terms of sugar content. Therefore, the relevance of the full-scale study of the elements of the technology of forage crop cultivation, for the conditions of the Kazakh part of the Aral Sea region, is obvious. In the arsenal of the world’s plant resources, sorghum is characterized by the greatest heat and drought resistance, salt tolerance and high yield. To create a unit of dry matter, sorghum consumes almost half of its water. First of all, sorghum has a minimum transpiration coefficient, i.e. the water consumption is a unit of dry matter. For example, sorghum consumes 300 parts of water, and Sudanese grass – 340, corn – 388, wheat – 515, sunflower – 895. The yield of dry matter from sorghum is 30 % higher compared to corn. Sorghum grain contains more than 70-91 % starch and 10.5 % protein, and corn, respectively, 60-75 and 7-15 %. With an intensive type of root system development, sorghum belongs to the xerophytic (drought-resistant) type of plants. Sorghum is the leading crop among most crops due to its ability to tolerate prolonged harsh hydrothermal conditions.