Изменения в традиционных стереотипах поведения современных китайцев (на примере китайских народных праздников)

Abstract

Folk festivals are the living history of a nation combining everyday social life and spiritual culture. The history of folk festivals in China is rooted in the depths of five thousand years of civilization. The commitment of the Chinese to traditional holidays have endured through changing dynasties, wars, the radical “cultural revolution”, withstood westernization and globalization. However, traditional meaning of Chinese folk holidays and behavioral patterns have changed. Industrialization, democratization, increased mobility, individualization and globalization have gradually eroded the economic, political and cultural foundation of ancient traditions; detached rituals from the local context, weakened the focus on traditional knowledge. The content of holidays and ceremonies are being simplified. The spiritual component is giving way to the material one as commercialization is growing. But due to people’s memory and to the support of the state, traditional holidays continue to be an important aspect of society life in the new environment.