Обоснование механизма доминирующего государственного участия в освоении ресурсов высоколиквидных полезных ископаемых Арктики

Abstract

For a scientific discussion the authors present proposals on the formation in Russia of a new form of effective mineral resource base development of the strategic solid mineral resources in the Arctic zone of Siberia and the Far East. The mechanism is based on the prevailing govenmental participation in projects of development and exploitation of highly liquid metals (rare earth elements, Tomtor ore cluster in Yakutia) and minerals (diamond abrasive materials, Rock Popigai meteorite crater deposit in Krasnoyarsk region) in the Siberian Arctic, carried out under conditions of high risk. Shown, that due to the unique parameters of both rare earth and diamond ores flow of hi-tech products and semi-products is formed. With the extension of the technological and value chain - delivery to the domestic and the global markets of highly liquid products (oxides of rare earth metals and high-purity metals, technical super abrasive diamond powders and products for the treatment of materials). Thus, a cluster for the production of final products based on rare-earth metals and super abrasive rough diamonds with high added value can be created. Milestones and additional exploration operations, preparations for the operation and development of deposits are carried out by the State Corporation for Mineral Resources with the joint participation, investment, technological cooperation of private companies and research organizations. The Corporation could be considered as a platform for international cooperation and foreign investment in technological chains of a presented mega-project of development of two closely located deposits. Introduced organizational and economic mechanism allows to: a) carry out public administration of complex resource projects in the Arctic and to develop them to an economically efficient level with a gradual sale of business projects to the private sector; b) to initiate and stimulate long-term scientific and technological development in conditions of high risk; c) to form a system of preferences for the development of Russian high-tech exports; d) ensure Russia’s economic presence and increased geopolitical and geo-economic interests in the Arctic.