Семантика й прагматика фемінітивів жіночка, жінка в українській лінгвокультурі (синхронно-діахронний аспект)

Abstract

The material of the study was a post on the official page of the writer Serhiy Zhadan on the Facebook social network dated 03.07.2022 and comments to it, which present a heated and intense discussion about the semantic and pragmatic interpretation of feminitives during the latest linguistic feminization of the Ukrainian language and the active development of Gender linguistics, in particular within the focus of linguoaxiology. Lexicographic sources were involved: dictionaries of feminitives and explanatory dictionaries, in particular the newest ones, as well as lexicons of the language of writers (Ivan Kotlyarevsky, Taras Shevchenko, Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, Ivan Franko), which made it possible to update not only synchronic, but also diachronic language segments. The Ukrainian lexeme жіночка (plural жіночки) can be placed on the evaluative scale at the “zero” mark (a neutral value in terms of expressing evaluative meanings, in particular in the function of addressing in a conversational style of speech) and slide in the direction of the (+) or (–) vector, which depends on the individual communicative experience and competences of the speaker and proves the analysis of the selected discussion. Clarification of the semantic-pragmatic load is carried out thanks to the appropriate connectivity. For the lexeme жіночка, the positive evaluative conjugation dominates in the linguistic and cultural space of Ukraine, which is characterized by an intimate tonality and makes it possible to soften the modeling of the negative intentions of the speaker.