Abstract
One of the topical directions of clinical toxicology in many countries of the world is the study of the specifics of acute poisonings that occur at the workplace. Aim. Study of the structural, gender and age characteristics of work-related poisoning among the population of Kyiv. Material and Methods. The medical records of 264 patients with workplace poisoning, aged 18-72, were studied; men – 184, women – 80. The patients were treated in the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital in 2002-2021. Statistical processing – Microsoft Excel 2019. Results. According to the results of the analysis of emergency medical aid appeals in the period 2002-2021 regarding acute poisonings at the workplace, it was established that, despite the significant decrease in the annual number of appeals regard ing industrial injuries, the share of acute poisonings at the workplace, among all cases of industrial injuries remains a stable indicator and equals 3.5 %. Among male patients, the most numerous age group was 21-30 years old, among women – 41-50 years old; inhalation poisoning was diagnosed in 42.4 % of patients; entry of a toxic substance through the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin in 23.1 % and 13.25 %, respectively; different ways – in 10.2%. Hospital mortality among women was 3.75 %, among men – 6.52 %, the total mortality among poisonings that occurred at the workplace was 5.7 % (15 cases). Most cases of poisoning (90.9 %) occur at enterprises and institutions that are not directly related to the use of chemically hazardous substances. Poisoning by highly toxic substances (carbon monoxide, organic solvents, ethylene glycol, heavy metals) prevailed among men, and poisoning by disinfectants and household chemicals (chlorine, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, acids and alkalis) among women. Conclusions. Systematic monitoring and analysis of the hospital structure of poisonings at the workplace is the key to creating a safe production environment and preserving the health of the working population. Keywords: work-related poisoning, gender, age.
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