ОСНОВНЫЕ ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ БУНКЕРА И ДИНАМИКА ДВИЖЕНИЯ СЕМЯН В БУНКЕРЕ ВЫСЕВАЮЩЕГО АППАРАТА

Abstract

An important role in the technological process of sowing seeds with a mechanical disk sowing machine is played by the outflow of seeds from the hopper. Analysis of the studies of this process showed that the expiration of seeds depends on the geometry of the hopper and the outlet, the physical and mechanical properties of the materials, the loading conditions, and the release. An analysis of the design of a symmetrical slotted hopper is given, in which the movement of seeds occurs within the channel of the unloading opening. A method for calculating its geometric parameters is presented. The technological volume of the seed hopper is determined through the sum of the active and passive volume. The bunker is presented in the form of two figures of the upper part (parallelepiped) and the lower part (obelisk). An equation is obtained for determining the height of the obelisk, which is determined under the condition that the entire mass of seeds is poured into the outlet of the hopper, which is possible provided that the angle of inclination of the side walls is greater than the angle of friction of the seeds on the surface of the hopper. The forces acting on a continuously moving flow of seeds in the bunker are considered, having singled out an infinitely small horizontal element with a thickness dx in the bunker. Theoretically, the compressive forces on the grain flow are determined. A method for estimating the speed of the seed flow from the hopper and its throughput has been established.