Оценка результативности демографической политики по снижению смертности (на примере Дальневосточного федерального округа)

Abstract

n the Russian Federation preservation of the population is one of the main strategic tasks. Two demographic processes affect the safety of the population - fertility and mortality. In this article, the author considers assessment of the impact of demographic policy on the reducing mortality. Emphasis is placed on comparing the targets set by the federal projects with the actual mortality rates on the example of the Far-Eastern federal district. The assessment was carried out over the period of three years, two years of which the federal projects are implemented on the following indicators: mortality of the population of working age, mortality of the population from diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasms. The impact of population policies to reduce mortality is low, as the targets lag behind the actual values in terms of mortality of the working-age population and mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. Life expectancy of the population, as the final indicator of mortality reduction, does not show growth in all subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district, the COVID-19 pandemic has a certain effect on the decrease in this indicator. According to the author, it is necessary to adjust the measures provided by the federal projects to achieve the targets, as well as revalue the targets taking into account the current situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.