РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ПРОЦЕССА ОЧИСТКИ КЛУБНЕЙ КАРТОФЕЛЯ И КОРНЕПЛОДОВ МОРКОВИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ УЛЬТРАЗВУКА

Abstract

The most promising of the known ways to reduce the content of soil bolsters during machine harvesting of tuberous roots should be considered pre-harvest moisturization of the soil layer in which the tuberous root are located. This significantly reduces the content of soil impurities in harvested tuberous roots. However, atomized spray of water, even under pressure, is not able to ensure its instant flow to the depth of tuberous roots and, moreover, to moisten the soil to the state that provides further intensification of the process of separation of tuberous roots from soil bolsters that are comparable to them. To eliminate this defect, it is necessary to provide an intensification of the water spraying process by one of the methods of physical influence, which provides instant soil moisture to the depth of tuberous roots. The article presents instrumentation for research of technological parameters of ultrasonic treatment on the quality of the cleaning roots crops from soil impurities, the method and results of laboratory studies of ultrasound effect on the cleaning process of potato tubers of the "Red Scarlet" variety and carrot root crops of «Shantane» variety . The optimal parameters of ultrasound influence that intensifies the process of cleaning root crops from soil impurities were determined. The results of comparative laboratory studies of cleaning potato tubers and carrot root crops from various root crops on the physical and mechanical composition of soil impurities (sandy loams and loam soils) allow us to conclude that the best indicators of intensification of ultrasonic influence with increase in the completeness of cleaning, despite the weight and type of contamination, are observed when processing carrot root crops, the completeness of cleaning is on average higher by 13...20 %.