ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ НИЗКОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКАЯ НАНОСЕКУНДНАЯ ЛАЗЕРОТЕРАПИЯ И МИКРОХИРУРГИЯ МОДЕЛЬНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА

Abstract

Background. The problem of the treatment of periodontal disease is acute in modern dentistry. The multiplicity of etipathogenetic factors causing the development of periodontitis, malignations associated with the loss of teeth cause the search for new methods of complex therapy of periodontal diseases, including the inclusion of modern laser technologies.
 Purpose ― comparative assessment of the effect on the regeneration of periodontal tissues of nanosecond laser radiation with a wavelength of 1265 ± 5 nm of traditional photodynamic therapy using morphological and morphometric analysis in an in vivo experiment.
 Methodology. Modeling of periodontitis in experimental animals was performed using a ligature technique for 7 days. Treatment of periodontitis began with mechanical and drug treatment of pockets, then the animals were divided into three groups. In the first group, a new nanosecond laser device with a wavelength of 1265 ± 5 nm was used for treatment, the second used traditional photodynamic therapy using a chlorine E6 photosensitizer, in the third group until the end of treatment only drug therapy was used. On days 7, 14, 21, a visual assessment of the condition of periodontal tissues in experimental animals, morphological and morphometric analysis were performed.
 Results. On the 21st day of observation in the main group in the oral cavity, the periodontal regeneration process was completed, in the comparison group there are local pockets of shallow depth with granulation tissue. The morphological study showed that in the main group the number of full blood vessels in the field of view of the microscope at the later stages of treatment is 2.9 times higher than in the comparison group.
 Conclusions. The results of the study confirmed the need to include laser techniques in the complex therapy of periodontal diseases. The use of new laser technology of nanosecond laser therapy and microsurgery in the treatment of periodontal diseases contributes to shortening the procedure time, shortening the rehabilitation time, and stimulating vascular growth.