Патологическое увеличение количества внеклеточной жидкости как маркер преэклампсии у женщин без ожирения

Abstract

Objective. To identify possible markers of preeclampsia in different types of arterial hypertension based on body composition analysis in pregnant women without obesity. Patients and methods. Body composition was studied in 140 non-obese women at 28-34 weeks' gestation, including 72 women with different types of arterial hypertension and 68 women with normal pregnancy, using the ABC-01 “MEDAS” moisture analyzer on the basis of State Budgetary Institution “Yaroslavl Regional Perinatal Center”. Results. There was an increase in total and extracellular fluid volume in the group with preeclampsia compared with the control group and groups with chronic and arterial hypertension in pregnancy. No differences in body composition were found in the groups with chronic arterial hypertension and arterial hypertension in pregnancy. With an increased percentage of extracellular fluid above 118% with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 82% preeclampsia may be diagnosed in women without obesity between 28–34 weeks' gestation. Conclusion. The data obtained enable to identify abnormal changes in body composition during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. An abnormal increase in the volume of extracellular fluid is a maladaptive change during pregnancy and may be regarded as a marker of the preeclampsia development. The detection of an excessive volume of total and extracellular fluid allows a high-precision diagnosis of preeclampsia, as well as the formation of high-risk groups of pregnant women. Key words: pregnancy, bioelectrical impedance analysis, extracellular fluid, total body fluid, body composition