Параллели сказок А.С. Пушкина и Джамбаттисты Базиле в сборнике «Сказка сказок» XVII века

Abstract

First in Russian the collection “Tale of Tales” by the Neapolitan writer Giambattista Basile (1566–72?–1632) was published in 2016. Most people know plots fragments of the collection from the tales of Brothers Grimm, Carlo Gozzi, Charles Pierrot and A.S. Pushkin. Inspired by the book the movie “Tale of Tales” was shot in 2015, it was directed by Matteo Garrone and got the Italian national film award “Davide di Donatello”. There are some selected plots of these tales; we indicate who actually is “the little animal” (and the Puss in Boots), what mythological background the figures of the Swan Princess, the Dead Princess have. We also consider the Dead Princess’s relation to different world roving plots, including “The Sleeping Beauty” by P.I. Tchaikovsky. We present analogies in rites and customs of the Russian (as well as Ukrainian) folk tales, a pantheon of gods from different peoples, Old Testament. The meaning of the names we establish along with the alchemical formula of A.S. Pushkin, of N.V. Gogol’s Viy and Basile’s Mother of Time; there is also the characterization of N.V. Gogol by P.V. Annenkov (1813–1887). We show the trans-alphabetic coincidence of the meaning of multilingual words, of the calendar names with the mythologic gods’ names related to the different planets. We also present the A.N. Afanasyev’s analysis of one Basile’s fairy tales from in the “Poetic views on nature of the Slavs”, and there are given some thoughts of V.Y. Propp (1895–1970) on the identified topics along with a brief assessment on the oeuvres of A.S. Pushkin given by the renowned specialist in literature P.V. Palievsky (1932–2019).