Етнічні карти українських земель у працях українських та російських вчених (друга половина XIX ст.)

Abstract

The study considered the development of ideas about the limits of settling the Ukrainian people in connection with the compilation of ethnographical map of the Austrian and Russian monarchies, since the 40s of XIX century. The views of Ukrainian and Russian researchers who have studied this issue during different periods are analysed. In the manuscript “Geography of Ptolemy” in 1420 (the author is unknown), the map “Sarmatia” (Sarmatias) (the name of the map is conditional) Ukrainian lands were depicted for the first time and for the first time the map contained the inscription “Sarmatia”. Nicolaus Hermanus, who revised the content of “Geography” by Claudius Ptolemy (Cosmographia Claudii Ptolomaei Alexandrini Manuscript, 1467), first placed the name “European Sarmatia” (Sarmatia Єvropє) on the handwritten map of 1467. In the second (the first one with maps) Bologna edition 1477 (26 maps) of Claudia Ptolemy's “Geography” also contained a map of “European Sarmatia”. In the next Roman edition (1478) the Eighth Map of Europe (Octava Europe Tabula) and the Second Map of Asia (Secunda Asiae Tabula) are contained, which the Ukrainian lands are depicted in. Based on a detailed study and analysis of cartographic sources, summarizing the results of ethnographic, historical and geographical research of Ukrainian ethnic territory tracked changes in the boundaries of settling the Ukrainian ethnos. In the early nineteenth century in many European countries, regular population censuses had been introduced and ethnographic studies related to the Ukrainian national revival had been intensified. It created objective prerequisites for the beginning of ethnic mapping in the 1920s and became possible to map the composition of the population in detail, literally by settlements, to determine the absolute and relative share of a particular nationality in a certain territory. The main cartographic works of Ukrainian and Russian scientists, which depict the Ukrainian ethnic territory, are chronologically highlighted. Many ethnic maps have been described. On the basis of elaboration of a considerable number of cartographic and literary sources, the history of ethnographic mapping of the territory of Ukrainian settlements is chronologically covered. Key words: ethnographic researching, map, Ukrainian lands, ethnos.