ВЛИЯНИЕ НИЗКОИНТЕНСИВНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ МИЛЛИМЕТРОВОГО ДИАПАЗОНА НА ПИГМЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ И ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКУЮ АКТИВНОСТЬ TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. В УСЛОВИЯХ ХЛОРИДНОГО ЗАСОЛЕНИЯ

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (EMP) of the millimeter (mm) range (wavelength – 7.1 mm, radiation frequency – 42.3 GHz, radiation power flux density – 0.1 mW / cm2, exposure 30 minutes, once) on the pigment composition and photosynthetic activity of juvenile plants of Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Selyanka, under osmotic stress caused by chloride salinity. To measure the intensity of photosynthesis, we used the assimilation flask method according to L. A. Ivanov and N. L. Kossovich, a colorimetric method was used to determine the amount of chlorophyll in wheat plants. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out using the Kruskell-Walliss test of reliability. All measurements and studies were carried out on equipment that passed metrological verification and expertise. The results of the study indicate that under the influence of low-intensity EMR of the MM range, the indicators of the amount of chlorophylls increase by 51.8 % compared to plants under osmotic stress; and compared with the control, the accumulation of chlorophyll increases by 23.2 %. In addition, the effect of this physical factor has a stimulating effect on the accumulation of chlorophyll and its content was 30.9 %, which is 46.6 % more than in the control variant. The stimulating effect of EMR is also observed at a concentration of 150 mM sodium chloride. With the use of EHF-radiation, the content of chlorophyll was 28.2 % of the mass of raw leaves, by 43.3 % compared to the experimental versions without the use of EHF-radiation. The intensity of photosynthesis under the influence of EHF-radiation increases in relation to the control by 14.0 %. Thus, a positive effect of low-intensity EMM of the mm range on the pigment composition and photosynthetic activity of Triticum aestivum L. both under optimal conditions and under conditions of osmotic stress has been established. The results obtained on the quantitative content of chlorophylls showed that their content increased both under normal conditions and under osmotic stress by an average of 20 %. An increase in the intensity of photosynthesis in experimental plants was established by 30.0 % in comparison with control plants under osmotic stress.