Abstract
Objective: То study of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity, and content of polyphenols in the bulb and aerial parts of an endemic species of onion A. schugnanicum. Methods: An ethanol-based extract was prepared from fresh plants. Total polyphenolic content (Folin) and ABTS antioxidant capacity assays were used to characterized extracts. Extracts obtained from bulbs, peduncle, and seeds demonstrated antibacterial activity against the reference Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 4929), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 4930) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4927) strains, as well as against the hospital strains of the same types of bacteria, i.e. strains isolated from inpatient surgical patients. Results: The study found that ethanol extracts obtained from all organs of A. schugnanicum exhibit high inhibitory activity against the hospital and reference strains. In relation to reference then to hospital strains ethanol extracts were more active. The greatest bactericidal effect on both strains was exhibited by the bulb extracts. The extracts did not inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. Fungicidal action characterized by growth inhibition zone of bulb and seeds, respectively. The extract obtained from the peduncle of this plant exhibited smaller inhibitory activity. The antioxidant capacity of A. schugnanicum different parts are shown in all the parts had a large antioxidant activity with dominating antioxidant capacity in seeds. The highest polyphenol level was found in the bulb. Conclusions: The study showed that A. schugnanicum may be a prospective species for developing botanical therapeutics. Keywords: Allium schugnanicum, medicinal plants, growth inhibition, extracts, antioxidant activity, hospital strains of bacteria, reference strains of bacteria
Highlights
The antibacterial and antifungal effects of the most common species of the Allium genus – Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Allium suworowii and some other widely used onion varieties have been known since historical times [37, 38]
The analysis shows that our data partially agree with the results of a study by the authors [43, 44] who studied the antibacterial activity of six Allium species against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, which report the bactericidal effect of extracts of all the studied species against E. coli, the main representative of the normal intestinal microbial flora
Our studies show that extracts obtained from the underground and aboveground parts of this plant exhibit approximately the same antioxidant activity
Summary
The development of bacterial resistance to the currently used antibiotics necessitates the search for new antibacterial drugs [1]. The emergence and rapid spread of hospital and socially significant microorganisms, which quickly acquire the drug polyresistance and cause severe clinical forms of infectious pathology is of particular concern [2, 3]. Gram-negative bacteria, in particular Escherichia coli, a representative of the normal intestinal microbial flora, may enter an uncharacteristic habitat and impact various organs and tissues, causing infections of the lower urinary tract, otitis, and septicemia. Other types of gram-negative microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and various types of Klebsiella, are frequent etiological factors of nosocomial infections and are characterized by wide polyresistance [8, 9]
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