Ісламський вектор релігійної політики німецької військової адміністрації на території окупованого Криму в 1941-1944 рр.

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to trace the implementation of the religious policy of the German military administration towards the Muslims of Crimea, taking into account the differences in the approaches of the German elite. The research methods are based on the use of both general scientific research methods (analysis and synthesis, systemic analysis, concretization, analogy), and research methods of historical sciences (historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative), principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the identification and detailed study of the religious policy of the German military administration in Crimea regarding Islam, as well as the disclosure of the political conflict of interests of the military administration and the central leadership in Berlin regarding its implementation in Crimea. Conclusion. The German elite of the Third Reich was heterogeneous, so two approaches to the implementation of the occupation policy in the East arose among them - "Prussian" and "National". These two approaches were reflected in the Muslim vector of religious policy, namely: the followers of the "Prussian" approach appointed Russian collaborators to administrative positions, which periodically harmed religious policy; in general, representatives of the "national" approach saw the strengthening of the Crimean Muslims as an opportunity to expand German influence on the Muslims of the USSR. Germany's religious policy towards the Muslims of Crimea pursued military goals - providing human resources for German military formations and a reliable rear of the Wehrmacht. Nazi-Muslim relations in the Crimea were generally fruitful in terms of the restoration of religious rights and freedoms. But there were two problematic aspects of the entire Islamic vector of the religious policy of the German military administration — the restoration of the Crimean Muftiat and the establishment of the legal legitimacy of the waqf.