Abstract
Most plows are of the small-width, used in personal subsidiary farms, were designed in Soviet times. In addition to the time-tested design, they also have hidden drawbacks that are associated with the aggregation by modern tractors, which are equipped with more wide-profile rear tires. For example, the currently produced modifications of tractors MTZ-80/82, YuMZ-6KL are equipped with tires 15.5R38.0 on the rear axle, the width of which, measured outside its deformation zone, depending on the pressure in them and the service life is about 38.4.. 40.3 cm. When the wheel with the above-mentioned tire is rolling on the furrow, opened by the plow PN 3-35 (the furrow width is 28-30 cm), substantial compaction inevitably occurs, which affects the quality of plowing and the increase in the total traction resistance of the unit. Accordingly, hectare consumption of fuel and lubricants increases. For example, according to theoretical calculations, when the value of the coefficient of bulk soil collapse q0 = 1.0 N/cm3, the traction resistance of the aggregate as a whole increases by 14.7%. We have proposed a modernized plow on the basis of PN 3-35 (patent No.2420938). The design of its frame allows the formation of trapezoidal sections with the first two parts. At the same time, the third frame, broadened by 5 cm, rolls off a layer of rectangular section. The shape of the frames was chosen from the condition of the mass transfer of the soil and the provision of agrotechnical requirements for field surface alignment. A plow was made and pilot tests were carried out. It showed that there is no compacted zone in the furrow, as well as noticeably reduced traction resistance.
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