ОЦІНКА ЯКІСНОЇ І КІЛЬКІСНОЇ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ЗЕЛЕНИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ ДИТЯЧИХ МАЙДАНЧИКІВ М. ХАРКІВ

Abstract

Purpose. To analyze the condition of green spaces on playgrounds in urbanized areas, with the example of Kharkiv, to predict the effectiveness of their dust, noise and gas absorption functions, as greenery is the most accessible and versatile way of protection in urban environments. Methodology. We conducted research on 540 playgrounds with 6627 trees and shrubs, representing 59 species, of which 37 are major. Qualitative analysis was carried out by dividing into groups according to height, age, resistance to high and low temperatures, and we also assessed the sanitary condition of tree and shrub vegetation. We divided the weakened greenery into groups according to the type of damage. Results. The data obtained indicate that most plants are resistant to both low and high temperatures. Only half of the studied objects can be classified as healthy plants, respectively, only this part of the plants is able to effectively perform the protective function. About 46,9% of the surveyed greenery is exposed to mechanical damage, fungal damage, some plants are affected by insects or diseases. Mechanical damage is one of the main causes of weakening of plants in the urban environment, which is associated with the work of municipal services, building works. In addition, children deliberately break and damage the branches of trees and shrubs on playgrounds. The greatest degree of damage by caterpillars and leafminer is characteristic of Fraxinus excelsior L., Morus nigra L.. Leaf spotting was quite common in Betula pendula Roth., Salix acutifolia Willd., Salix babylonica L., Tilia cordata Mill. and others. Powdery mildew was found on young shoots and leaves of Betula, Acer, Ulmus, Fraxinus, and Salix. Necroses and stem rot were not often observed. We have developed a list of recommendations to improve the condition of green areas in playgrounds. Originality. For the first time, we analysed the condition of green areas at children's playgrounds and proposed recommendations for improving their condition. Practical value. The findings can be used in evaluating the effectiveness of the protective functions of green spaces in large cities. References 17, tables 7, figures 2.