Классификация отказов и неисправностей легковых автомобилей с целью создания системы оценки технического состояния

Abstract

The article provides an overview and classification of motor vehicle faults (class: passenger cars). The cause-and-effect relationships «Fault-RTA» are studied. Failure of steering and suspension elements entails loss of vehicle control, which leads to traffic accidents. It is determined that safety is significantly affected and cannot be self-diagnosed by articulated joints of ball joints and stabilizer struts. The ball joint is the support of the hub. Failure of the ball joint leads to loss of control of the vehicle’s trajectory due to the fact that the wheel occupies an arbitrary and uncontrolled position in the wheel arch. Wear of the ball joint consists in the occurrence of play in the joint, which is now diagnosed by human senses. The technical condition is assessed using a primitive method: the vehicle is suspended and, using a lever, the mechanic applies various loads to the ball joint. The article predicts the possibility of creating a self-diagnostic system for joints with articulated joints. Along with this, a statistical analysis of emerging failures and malfunctions in cars by brand and class is carried out, which allows us to assert the constancy of the problem under study. An analysis of the relationship between failures and malfunctions with road accidents is carried out, which reflects the most frequent causes of accidents due to vehicle malfunctions.