Вплив відхилення напруги на технологічні та енергетичні характеристики скреперних установок для прибирання гною

Abstract

The voltage deviation from the normalized values has negative consequences, among which the most significant are the violation of the normal course of technological processes, simple enterprises and the issue of poor quality products, shortening the life of electrical equipment, increase in electricity losses in the elements of the power supply system. Economic losses, caused by low quality of electric energy, have two components: electromagnetic and technological. The electromagnetic component is determined mainly by the loss of active power and the change in the life of the electrical equipment. The technological component of losses is due to the influence of the quality of electricity on the productivity of technological installations and the cost of production. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of voltage deviation on the technological and energy characteristics of scraper plants for cleaning manure. Due to the deviation of the voltage, the angular velocity of the motor changes, which, in turn, causes the change in the technological characteristics of the working machines. For steady-state installations, the change in angular velocity is inversely proportional to the square of the voltage deviation, and the output is directly proportional to the angular velocity of the electric motor .. When voltage decreases, the scraper speed and the performance of the scraper unit for manure removal increase indirectly. The law of the change of these values is determined by the law of changing the angular velocity of the engine when the voltage changes. The voltage deviation causes the loss of active power in the electric drive of the scraper unit. Variable power losses in the electric drive of the scraper installation are inversely proportional to the square of the voltage. When voltage increases, they decrease in comparison with nominal, and at decrease - increase Continuous power losses, on the contrary, when voltage decreases, decrease, and with increase - increase. Since permanent losses of power are less than variable losses, when the voltage decreases, the loss in the engine increases, and at increase - somewhat reduced. As a result of the conducted research it was established that when the voltage decreases by 20%, the efficiency of the scraper installation decreases by 4%, and the specific power consumption increases by 11%. Key words: scraper installation, electric drive, voltage deviation, productivity, scraper speed, technological characteristic, power characteristic