ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЖЕСТКОСТИ ПРУЖИНЫ РАЗРАБОТАННОЙ СЕКЦИИ СЕЯЛКИ ПРИ ПОСЕВЕ СЕМЯН СОИ НА ОРОШЕНИИ

Abstract

Purpose: the improvement of the agricultural technology of crop farming on irrigated lands by developing seeder units for soybeans sowing with the simultaneous application of hydrogel granules that can accumulate moisture from soil and give it to plants during the dry period. The hydrogel granules application helps to reduce the risk of plant death under arid conditions, and also increases the inter-irrigation period. Materials and methods. Generally accepted methods were used, and theoretical and field studies of the influence of spring stiffness on the stability of the runner coulter of the developed unit of the seeder were carried out. Results. The manufactured units for the seeder allow to introduce simultaneously hydrogel granules enriched with moisture, and help reduce the risk of plant death in dry conditions, when sowing soybeans and also increase the inter-irrigation period. Ensuring a constant depth of sowing seeds and applying granules is regulated by the fluctuation of the skid-shaped coulter in the longitudinal-vertical position during the operation by changing the spring tension of the opener unit. The degree of spring tension ensures a stable position of the entire system and, accordingly, a constant depth of sowing seeds and hydrogel application. An equation for spring stiffness calculation used in the structure was obtained. Conclusions. As a result of theoretical studies, an equation for the required spring tension with a stiffness in the range from 50 to 60 N/cm was obtained, which ensures the implementation of the technological process and compliance with agro-technological requirements when sowing soybeans and applying hydrogel, taking into account soil density, through the reaction of resistance, as well as the geometric parameters of the coulter.