Abstract
The article describes the change in the structures of the actin cytoskeleton and the parameters of focal adhesions during three major mesoderm lineage commitments (adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes) of bovine mesenchymal stem cells. It was shown that the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells on a rigid substrate is a favorable factor for osteogenesis due to an increase in the size and number of focal adhesions, as well as the number of actin cytoskeleton structures responsible for mechanical tension. Cultivation of cells on a soft substrate stimulates both adipogenesis and chondrogenesis due to restructuring the actin cytoskeleton responsible for mechanical tension, as well as reducing the size, number and location of focal adhesions. These data establish a relationship between matrix rigidity, cytoskeletal structure and preferred directions of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. mesenchymal stem cells, differentiation, osteogenesis, adipogenesis, focal adhesions, actin, matrigel The study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (State Assignment no. 075-01250-20-01).
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