Происхождение и различия немецкой и японской культуры роботов и построение «Третьей китайской робокультуры»

Abstract

With the rapid development of AI technology, robots are no longer restricted to industrial and social fields, and their cultural connotations should be paid more and more attention. The paper focuses on the robot culture within the scope of human culture and attaches importance to the inherent humanistic and cultural traditions of robots, which helps to understand the relationship between humans and machines and is also closely related to today’s robot application practice. Significant differences can be found in the robot culture between the East and the West. Germany（Europe and the United States）and Japan have formed anxiety- and visionary-type robot cultures respectively, which are closely related to their religious human relations and science fiction culture. In this article, using the example of the analysis of German and Japanese robotic cultures, the differences and specific features of literary images of robots are revealed on the basis of a direct dialogue between scientists of these countries. At the same time, the cultural roots of religion and science fiction, which have had a huge influence on the formation of German and Japanese robot culture, are explored. The attitude of scientists towards robots is rooted in their different cognitive attitudes regarding the nature of a human being and his interaction with the world. German robot culture represents classic anthropocentrism, in which humans occupy a central position in the universe. Japanese robot culture demonstrates a different - non-anthropocentric - concept of human beings, emphasizing the unity of technological artifacts and people. The study of robot culture is based on the method of cultural interpretation, data analysis and other methods. This article is based primarily on cultural components such as literature, religion, philosophy, as well as film and television. The discussion on the differences of robot culture can help to reflect on human nature and human culture. The discussion of robot ethics needs to have a cross-cultural perspective, and it can also bring inspiration to the construction of Chinese robot culture. Different from the European, the U.S. or Japanese robot culture, the “third Chinese robot culture” that is eclectic, pragmatic, active and emphasizes the coexistence of humans and machines is taking shape.