ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕЖЕНИЕ В СИСТЕМАХ ЗАЩИТЫ ОБЪЕКТОВ АПК ОТ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ КАК СРЕДСТВО ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

Abstract

The relevance of the research area in the field of food security is indicated. The analysis of the current state of the issue of crop protection from pests is carried out. The advantages of the electrophysical pest control method as the basis of an integrated crop protection system based on an information and software package for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of plant protection against pests are substantiated. The method of reducing the energy intensity of products is considered. An attempt has been made to apply a method for monitoring and managing energy consumption in systems for protecting agricultural facilities from pests. At all times, the problem of achieving and maintaining food security has been a task, if not the first, then one of the main ones for our society. The effectiveness of any of these methods depends on a number of different factors, and first of all, on the factor of timely protective measures. Thus, it becomes necessary to have information about the dynamics of the development of pests of a particular species. Agriculture itself is an energy conversion process, namely the conversion of solar energy through photosynthesis into food energy for humans and animal feed. Primitive agriculture involved nothing more than spreading seeds on the ground and producing meager harvests as a result. Modern agriculture requires energy consumption at all stages of agricultural production, such as direct use of energy in agricultural machinery, water management, irrigation, cultivation and harvesting. Post-harvest energy use includes the processing, storage and transportation of food to markets. In addition, agriculture uses a variety of indirect or isolated energy sources in the form of mineral fertilizers and chemical pesticides, insecticides and herbicides. While industrialized countries have benefited from these advances in agricultural energy provision, developing countries have been less fortunate. The "activation" of the food production chain has been an integral feature of the development of agriculture throughout recent history and is the main factor contributing to the achievement of food security.