Актуальные вопросы постановки на профилактический учет лидеров и активных участников группировок отрицательной направленности

Abstract

Introduction (statement of the problem): Every year, about one and a half thousand convicts and persons in custody who are potential subjects of criminal liability under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are registered as leaders and active participants in groups of a negative orientation every year. Occupation of the highest position in the criminal hierarchy. The hypothesis of the study is that the presence of signs of a person that characterizes him as a leader or an active participant in groups of a negative orientation is a sufficient basis not only for putting on a preventive register, but also for initiating a criminal case against such a person under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Moreover, preventive registration seems to be an insignificant measure to prevent the activities of a person who commits a crime. The problem of the lack of a legal definition of the concept of “a group of a negative orientation”, “a person occupying a higher position in the criminal hierarchy” is indicated. The subject of the study was Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Order of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation dated May 20, 2013 no. 72 “On Approval of the Instruction for the Prevention of Offenses among Persons Detained in the Institutions of the Penitentiary System”. As part of the proof of the hypothesis, the goal was to conduct a comparative analysis of the characteristics of a person who is a leader or an active participant in a negative grouping and a person occupying a higher position in the criminal hierarchy. The tasks of the study were based on its purpose, namely, they consisted in comparing the signs of “leader” and “highest position”; “grouping of negative orientation” and “criminal hierarchy”. The main research methods were the formal-legal method, which made it possible to use concepts in their legal meaning, comparative analysis, which was used when comparing the categories under study and identifying common and distinctive features, as well as the method of legal forecasting, which made it possible to assume what kind of consequences would occur if or not making changes to the legal regulation of the relations in question. The main scientific results of the study were the confirmation of the scientific hypothesis set at the beginning of the study, namely: confirmation of the fact of the identity of the categories “leader and active participant in a negative grouping” and “person occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy”, which will allow law enforcement agencies to initiate criminal cases on article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in relation to persons put on preventive records as leaders and active participants in groups of a negative orientation.