МЕТОДИКИ АГРЕГИРОВАНИЯ ОЦЕНОК ЗНАНИЙ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ДЛЯ СЛУЧАЕВ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ ВНЕШНЕГО КРИТЕРИЯ В ПОРЯДКОВЫХ ШКАЛАХ

Abstract

Introduction: the forced transition of universities to distance learning stimulated the further development of automated knowledge control systems, which are one of the most important subsystems of automated learning systems. Among the many problems in the systems of automated control of knowledge, there is the problem of aggregating the assessments received by students for many classes (controls) during the training period. Such a final (integral) assessment should take into account the heterogeneity of the controlled classes when studying the sections and topics of the academic discipline (module) and the uncertainty of the previously obtained estimates. The specified uncertainty of the estimates can be caused by the unsatisfactory quality of the control due to the lack, for example, of the necessary time reserve, the insufficient quality of the organization and the applied means of control of the students' knowledge. Purpose: the purpose of the study is expressed in the analysis and implementation of methods for aggregating assessments of students 'knowledge of higher professional education programs when they perform a set of tasks that have a single semantic content based on the performance of control tasks by students, or on the basis of external observations of the results of students' activities by the teacher. Results: Aggregation of estimates is carried out in ordinal scales. The order of transition to the scale of relations is determined. The results of assessments of the fulfillment of individual stages of educational tasks are presented in ordinal scales or in a scale of names. The integral estimate is considered as a linear scalar function of the initial parameters that determine the results of the control tasks. The parameters of the scalar function are determined on the basis of an estimate of the distances between the distributions of knowledge assessments of students from the training sample, which are set by experienced expert teachers. Methods: the proposed methods allow solving the problem of aggregating the assessments received by students for a set of classes (controls) during the training period. Two types of uncertainties in assessing the performance of individual stages of educational tasks are investigated, namely, on the basis of their probabilistic or fuzzy representations. Results: the proposed methods take into account, first of all, the holistic nature of the material being studied, the quality control of the implementation of which at certain stages can be carried out only on the basis of external observation of the students' activities. This approach has a rather general character and can be applied when assessing the quality of functioning of objects of different physical nature.