Abstract
The presented literature review summarizes existent data of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to the clinical nature of strabismus, functional disorders in this pathology and its frequency in the population. The description of the main theories of the occurrence of strabismus was given by: A. Grefe, F. Donders, A. Parino and S. Worth. The spectrum of opinions on the types of inheritance of strabismus is analyzed. Patients with concomitant strabismus have also several functional disorders, such as binocular vision dysfunction and refractive-strabismus amblyopia. The views of leading ophthalmologists E.S. Avetisov, E.E. Somov, S.I. Rychkov, K.J. Ciuffreda and others on amblyopia, the criteria for diagnosis and its various classifications are presented. The considered studies allow us to conclude – treatment of children with concomitant strabismus remains a complex and multidisciplinary problem today. The knowledge of the functional features of various types of concomitant strabismus allows pathogenetically justified treatment of this pathology. Key words: concomitant strabismus, theories of the occurrence of strabismus, amblyopia, genetics of concomitant strabismus
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