РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ УСИЛИЙ ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНЫХ МЫШЦ ЗУБОЧЕЛЮСТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА ПРИ АСИММЕТРИЧНОМ ТОНУСЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНЫХ МЫШЦ

Abstract

The dentofacial system is closely related to the musculoskeletal, digestive, nervous, cardiovascular systems, etc. The functioning of the dentofacial system affects nutrition, breathing, swallowing, speech, hearing, etc., where occlusion is one of its main parameters. Many pathologies in the dentofacial system are also associated with a change in the efforts of the masticatory muscles, where hypertonicity of the superficial masticatory muscle is most common. The article considers an example of her hypertonicity by biomechanical modelling. For this, the problem of determining of the masticatory muscle efforts was solved at the maximum value of the force of compression of the jaws, which was 600 N. The cases were considered when the minimum possible value of the force of the superficial masticatory muscle was 70%, 80% and 90% of the maximum value. It was found that for the case while the minimum values of the efforts of all masticatory muscles do not exceed 50% of their maximum possible values, then the distribution of muscle efforts remains unchanged, i.e. the values of muscle efforts do not change. When at least one of the muscles exceeds its half of the maximum possible effort, it is observed that the efforts of the remaining muscles on the same side of the face decrease or remain approximately at the same level, and on the opposite side, the muscle efforts initially decrease, and at 80% and 90% of the maximum possible magnitude of the effort of the superficial chewing muscle increases again. In further works, various combinations of hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles, as well as the hypotonia of these muscles, are assumed.