Результаты и оценка многолетней интродукции на особо охраняемых природных территориях южно-таежного района

Abstract

The article shows the analysis results of the vitality and sustainability of the plantings having introduced species in their composition in specially protected natural areas of the south taiga zone (Vologda region). The research purpose is to summarize the available information and carry out the silvicultural assessment of long-term introduction to the plantings in these territories. The species composition is revealed and the sanitary and decorative state of tree and shrub vegetation is estimated. The research objects were the plantings growing in the following parks: Arboretum in Ustyuzhna, Old Park in the settlement of Danilovskoye, Old Park in the settlement of Mozhaiskoye, and Old Park in the village of Kurkino. It was found that the species composition of the suited specially protected natural areas is represented by 34 tree and shrub species: 4 coniferous tree species, 16 deciduous tree species, and 14 species of shrubs. The share of introduced species, in the whole, for all the objects under study is more than 60 %. During the recordings, 12 types of damage were found. According to the degree of influence they were divided into 3 groups: significantly reducing the stability in the plantings (18 % of the total number of damaged trees), reducing the decorative effect (38 %), and reducing the sanitary state of wood species (44 %). In order to improve the sanitary state of the plantings, to ensure that the plantings perform their target functions, and to reduce the economic damage caused by negative anthropogenic factors, it is necessary to take sanitary and recreational measures such as removing dangerous, drying and dead trees. Valuable plants (those of old age or having historical value) were selected; certification of valuable trees was carried out. The biological diversity of tree and shrub vegetation was estimated through determining biodiversity indices. The relationship between the forest stand composition and its resistance to negative environmental factors was revealed. The results of the research can be used by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in planning and organizing the works on arranging protection forests, including urban green zones.