ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ТОКАРНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ЖАРОПРОЧНЫХ СПЛАВОВ ВВЕДЕНИЕМ В ЗОНУ РЕЗАНИЯ ЭНЕРГИИ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО ПОЛЯ

Abstract

The use of difficult-to-process heat-resistant alloys is widely used in the design of aircraft engines and gas pumping units. As a rule, thin-walled shell structures are made from them, providing a high density of the layout (for example, blades, electric unicycles). The peculiarity of the manufac-ture of such structures is a small (compared to the occupied volume of the entire product) volume of metal, in which the heat generated during shaping is distributed. Given the low thermal conductivity of such alloys (up to 4-5 times less compared to steels), the shaping of parts from them is associated with the risk of warping in combination with low productivity of blade processing with carbide tools. More effective, but little studied is the processing with tools made of mineral ceramics with the introduction of the energy of the ultrasonic field into the cutting zone. The purpose of the research is to develop a high-performance technology for pre-processing workpieces made of heat-resistant alloys with tools made of mineral ceramics, characterized by a minimum depth of defects in the surface layer.
 Methods. The research was carried out on machine tools in the manufacture of non-rigid parts of aircraft by turning blanks from the heat-resistant alloy HN45MVTYUBR with cutters made of mineral ceramics with the introduction of the energy of the ultrasonic field into the processing zone. 
 It has been established that the use of ultrasonic vibrations during pretreatment with mineral-ceramic tools without coolant can reduce the depth of the defective layer by up to one and a half times and increase productivity by up to 30 times.
 Taking into account the reduction in the depth of the defective layer, it becomes possible to reduce the allowances for final processing, and consequently, to reduce the duration of the technological process and the cost of manufacturing parts.