ЦИКЛ «КРИМСЬКІ СОНЕТИ» А. МІЦКЕВИЧА У ПЕРЕКЛАДІ О. АСТАФ’ЄВА: ХУДОЖНЄ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ РЕАЛІЙ

Abstract

The article highlights the specifics of the artistic translation of the realities in A. Mickiewicz’s cycle “The Crimean Sonnets” translated by O. Astafiev into Ukrainian language. The research is based on: Adam Mickiewicz’s poetic cycle “The Crimean Sonnets”; Ukrainian-language version of the cycle, included in the anthology “By another’s fire” (2020), other editions of translations of Polish literature classic into Ukrainian; theoretical researches of the polonists R. Radyshevsky, N. Sydiachenko and other scientists. A. Mickiewicz’s life experience during his trip to the Crimea led to the creation of the original cycle “The Crimean Sonnets”. The article briefly reveals the creative history of writing one of the pearls of the Polish artist’s poetic work, outlines the stages of translation strategies for reproducing the origin in the language of T. Shevchenko and I. Franko. The analysis of the translation is performed in the context of the syncretism of the work on the compositional and ideological-thematic levels. In general, the artistic construction of “The Crimean sonnets” is synthetic, because it combines a verbal image of the panorama of the Crimea peninsula, philosophical problems, local traditions, traveling plot, the confrontation between man of the East and the European traveler, the synthesis of literary genres. The ideological specifics and artistic design of the original work implies a significant number of realities related to the geography and culture of the Crimea. Realities are translated into Ukrainian by transliteration. In some cases, the translator offered the notes with explanations, both from the author of the sonnets and from the translator. We find translated author’s notes to geographical, religious, historical, everyday realities, which are transliterated by A. Mickiewicz into Polish. O. Astafiev’s translation also contains author’s notes and his own additional explanations. There are some cases when the translator bypasses the realities that are clear to the Ukrainian reader. In many fragments, the interpreter performed contextual translation and proposed a modulation method. The poetic translation of the Crimean Sonnets by O. Astafiev into Ukrainian identifies one of his most important interpretive principles: in order to create an adequate version of a foreign text, one must know all the works of the author of the original against the background of the era, know the history of the country, life and customs of the people, its culture.