Дослідження перспектив використання агробіомаси в напрямку забезпечення екологічної та енергетичної незалежності підприємств АПК

Abstract

The article conducts a study indicating the importance of bioenergy as one of the main directions of renewable energy. Bioenergy occupies a leading position in the global market and plays a significant role in replacing fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Bioenergy, in particular the use of agrobiomass, has great potential in Ukraine for energy production. However, now the development of bioenergy in the country lags behind the European level. In order to facilitate the development of this industry, it is necessary to use the available agrobiomass resources and introduce modern energy production technologies. It is further defined that for the development of bioenergy in Ukraine it is important to create a favorable legislative environment and infrastructure. It is necessary to attract investment in the industry, support research and development of new technologies, as well as have specialists trained who can effectively implement bioenergy projects. The study revealed that one of the ways to use agrobiomass for energy production is to grow energy crops such as straw, corn and sunflower stalks, corn silage, organic components of household waste, sewage sludge and waste from livestock breeding enterprises. For optimal use of agrobiomass, it is necessary to take into account environmental and socioeconomic aspects, ensure the sustainability of raw material supplies and develop efficient production technologies. The publication provides data on the consumption of renewable heat energy in Ukraine during 2007–2024. Different types and methods of energy production from agrobiomass are described and a classification of technologies for the gradual transformation of agrobiomass into energy products is presented. The publication also considers the methodology of economic efficiency of waste use for biofuel production in comparison with their traditional use at the State level. The advantages and disadvantages of energy use of agrobiomass are highlighted, as well as different types of biofuel production and raw materials used for this purpose are considered.