ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ, СНАБЖЕННЫХ СОЛНЕЧНЫМИ ПАНЕЛЯМИ, В РЕЖИМАХ ПОДЪЕМА И СПУСКА

Abstract

It can be surely stated that questions on installation of solar panels in unmanned vehicles is perspective direction of low aviation development. Development of this direction of researches lead to development of UAV capable to flight in stratosphere during a year utilizing solar-electric installation having weight 75 kg and wingspan 25 m. Abovementioned facts proves actuality of carrying out of further researches to increase effectiveness of energy provision of UAV. The paper is devoted to research of effectiveness of functioning of UAV equipped with solar panels in ascending and descending trajectories. As a basis for carrying out of calculations of solar energetic installation and optimization of whole long flight cycle of UAV the known formula was used that is the normal solar radiation is in inverse dependence of logarithm of PM2.5. Two variants for choice of flight trajectory in fixed time interval are considered. As a first approximation it is assumed that there is a linear inverse dependence between h and PM2.5 but a direct linear dependence between current time and sinus of zenith angle. The control function or timely func-tion of trajectory is suggested the integral of which is normalized by constant value. Also the integral type target functional is formed which determines the total radiation at the entry of solar batteries of UAV and allows to determine suggested energy re-source of flight. At the basis of abovementioned limitation condition and target functional the task of non-conditional variation op-timization is composed. On the basis of solution of optimization task two flight trajectories according to considered regimes are analyzed. The optimum flight regimes with minimum energy resources and optimum speed are defined.