Abstract
The article discusses the concepts of the work of regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular homeostasis in space flight (SF) and heart rate variability (HRV) as a biomarker of homeostatic processes in the human body. HRV, which is fluctuations in time intervals between heartbeats, is caused by dynamic nonlinear processes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), neurohumoral and metabolic regulatory circuits. Thus, HRV can quickly respond to changes in the body’s blood supply needs, being a qualitative indicator of the level of its adaptation to various environmental conditions. HRV is connected not only with the ANS, but also with brain structures, including the prefrontal cortex. This connection makes HRV even more significant as a complex biomarker, reflecting not only cardiac function, but also flexible adaptive regulation in the SF, allowing one to assess both the state of the circulatory system and the general functional state of the body.
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