Abstract
The temperature factor has a huge impact on bees and their development. In a complex complex of adaptation, not only a perfect system of collective thermoregulation of the family is important, but also such individual adaptations as resistance to freezing and tolerance to high temperatures. The deviation of the ambient temperature from the optimal one increases the energy consumption of bees for the regulation of the microclimate in the family. This means that it enhances metabolic processes, which affects the state of the body and the life expectancy of insects. In addition, sometimes the use of high temperatures is a necessary condition for their maintenance, for example, in the fight against the parasite of the bee mite varroa. At the same time, the effect of high temperatures can have a negative effect not only on the mite, but also on the bees. In laboratory conditions, the effect of Apisil and TOS-BIO preparations containing 9-oxoand 10-hydroxy-2E-decenoic acids as a base - the most important components of the «queen substance» and royal jelly of the honey bee Apis mellifera L., respectively - on the survival rate and biochemical parameters was studied. adult worker bees exposed to extremely high (50oC) temperatures. The dynamics of the activity of phenoloxidase and catalase as biochemical indicators of the stress response of a honey bee under high temperature load has been studied. It was shown that the insects' resistance to hyperthermia increased with the content of these preparations in the feed. Experimental results indicate that under extreme (50oC) temperature conditions Apisil and TOS-BIO preparations have an adaptogenic effect on worker bees, increasing their resistance to hyperthermia. At the same time, changes in the initial level and dynamics of biochemical parameters indicate that these compositions in the most economical way contribute to the restructuring of metabolism in the mode of optimal functioning, which affects the level of changes in enzyme activity (with less pronounced changes in activity). and also on the survival rate of bees at the end of the experiment.
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