Связь использования цифровых устройств, качества сна, физической активности и пищевого поведения у дошкольников

Abstract

The article presents a review of 60 works researches carried out within the period from 2007 to 2021. The purpose of the review was to summarize current research on the relationship between the use of digital devices and the quality of sleep, physical activity and eating behavior in preschoolers. These aspects of development were chosen in connection with their proven influence on the cognitive and socio-emotional development of preschoolers. The analysis of studies has shown that screen time is associated with the risk of overweight and obesity in preschoolers. Also, the review has shown that long screen time and digital devices presence in bedroom negatively affect sleep duration and sleep quality. Additionally, excessive screen media use in preschoolers is associated with poor motor skills and physical activity. But on the opposite side there are special active videogames, apps and exergames which can promote physical activity and eating behavior. An analysis of the studies led to the conclusion about the important role of executive functions that mediate the relationship between screen time and the amount of sleep, physical activity and eating behavior. This review allows to articulate the recommendations for further investigations in this direction according to analyzed researches limitations. The review also confirms the importance of recommendations for parents on the safe use of digital devices by preschoolers.