БАЗОВЫЕ ГЕНОТИПЫ В СЕЛЕКЦИИ НА УЛУЧШЕНИЕ СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ И ОТЗЫВЧИВОСТИ ПРОДУКЦИОННОГО ПРОЦЕССА ТВЁРДОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

Abstract

The research goal is improving the stability and yield response of durum wheat. The search for intensive varieties with high stability is justified and is currently one of primary selective direction. Under climate change with increas-ing stress on the process of forming yield of cultivated crops, the resistance of varieties to adverse factors and re-sponse to favorable conditions are the key factors of yield productivity growth and are considered prime selective directions. The research included identification within the system of ecological and geographical studies of both broad-range varieties adapted to cultivation in the steppe regions of Russia and Kazakhstan, and varieties of local significance for specific environmental conditions of the distribution areas. Three ecological and geographical ex-periments were carried out. The first one was based on 28 selective standard lines of the KASIB (Kazakh-Sibirian wheat selection), studied in four ecological and geographical locations: Barnaul, Omsk, Bezenchuk, Orenburg. The second experiment included selective lines of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture studied in ecological and geographical locations of Krasnodar, Orel, Bezenchuk, Orenburg, Barnaul. The third one was formed of seven selective lines of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture and three lines of Orenburg Research Agricultural Institute studied there and Bezenchuk. Primary genotypic selections for wide range use were identified – 1693D-71, 2006D-44(454), 2126D-1(525), 2219D-3(557) by Samara Research Institute of Agriculture, Hordeiforme 08-107-5 by Omsk Agriculture Research Centre, Hordeiforme 910 and Hordeiforme 895 by Altai Resarch Institute of Agricul-ture and of Local significance – 1941D-17, 1941D-19, 2201D-4 by Samara Research Institute of Agriculture result-ed from studies using the regression analysis of yield data.