ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СОЇ СОРТУ АННУШКА ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД ВПЛИВУ ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ ОБРОБКИ НАСІННЯ МЕТАБОЛІЧНО АКТИВНИМИ РЕЧОВИНАМИ

Abstract

One of the priority areas for the development of Agriculture in Ukraine is the stable production of oilseeds. Soy is one of the most important and widespread legumes and oilseeds in the world. It is characterized by a high protein and oil content and high nutritional qualities. Soy seeds contain 30–45% protein, 13–26% fat, 20–32% carbohydrates, as well as minerals, vitamins, enzymes, etc.
 Without the use of fertilizers, it is impossible to get a large soybean harvest. Among the main factors that determine the yield of this crop, fertilizers account for 30 %, varieties – 20 %, weather conditions and plant protection – 15 % each, effective fertility and tillage – 10 % each.
 Therefore, the study of the effect of a combination of metabolically active substances (complexes of vitamin E and ubiquinone-10; vitamin E, 4-hydroxibenzoic acid (PHBA) and methionine; vitamin E, 4-hydroxibenzoic acid (PHBA), methionine and magnesium sulfate growth regulator Vympel on assimilation processes in soybean leaves in the main phases of ontogenesis and its performance is worthy of scientific attention.
 It was found that pre-sowing treatment of seeds with combinations of metabolically active compounds effectively affected the crop structure. Thus, when using vitamin E in combination with ubiquinone - 10, the indicators of the plant structure increased as much as possible, namely the vyvot of the plant, the number of fruit-bearing Cousins on the main stem, the number of beans and their length, the number of seeds and its mass per plant. In addition, the above-mentioned combination exceeded the indicators of the pennant growth regulator.
 Also, pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with combinations of metabolically active substances vitamin E + ubiquinone-10, vitamin E + methionine + PHBA led to an increase in yield by an average of 14,10-36,75 %, compared with the control indicators.
 Further study of the effect of the above substances on leguminous crops is promising and can be used as elements of technology in the cultivation of leguminous crops.
 The use of a combination of vitamin E + methionine + PHBA was not effective, since the results of some indicators of the yield structure and yield were lower than the control.