АНАЛИЗ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ ДЛЯ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ КАРТОФЕЛЯ И ТОПИНАМБУРА НА ГРЯДАХ

Abstract

Growing potatoes involves extensive ground preparation. Factors affecting the crop are air and moisture permeability of the soil. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing existing domestic and foreign technical means for growing potatoes and Jerusalem artichoke on seed plot. (Materials and methods) The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of using vertical and horizontal tillage cutters. Authors have analyzed existing domestic and foreign tillage cutters and tools and their applications. (Results and discussion) For high-quality pre-planting tillage there are widely used cutters with horizontal and vertical rotation axes; for loosening the lower layers of soil under a seed plot there are used various paws installed on the cutters; in order to perform several operations by one machine, in particular, continuous milling with loosening the lower layers and strip milling with cutting ridges, separate designs of horizontal cutters contain replaceable both a roller and an apron-ridgeformer. Due to the use of replaceable tools, horizontal cutters are more suitable for performing different operations than vertical ones; a rational design of a milling cultivator for pre-planting soil treatment should contains replaceable organs for continuous milling and leveling the top layer of soil and forming ridges before planting and when caring for potato and Jerusalem artichoke plantings. (Conclusions) Pre-planting milling of the soil for potatoes is better than traditional. Despite the high energy intensity of the process of preparing the soil for planting potatoes, the quality of milling cultivators exceeds the agrotechnical performance of non-driving machines.